Tungsten alloy is used as collimator or radiation shielding in the following applications:
Geologging
Geologging is an exploration technique used mainly in the oil and gas industries. A gamma ray source is lowered into a borehole and the radiation penetrates the rock strata. Tungsten alloy is used to shield the radioactive source and to act as a collimator for the gamma beam.
Pipe-line inspection
Gamma radiation is used to inspect welds and to detect cracks in pipelines. A gamma source is mounted on a remote-controlled wheeled trolley (sometimes called a "pig") and travels inside the length of the pipe. A tungsten collimator is used to direct the radiation onto the target, whilst the radioactive source is housed inside tungsten shielding.
Industrial radiography
Industrial radiography uses gamma radiation to detect structural faults in materials such as metal and concrete. As with pipe-line inspection, the equipment uses tungsten shielding, coupled with a tungsten collimator.
Homeland Security and Border Control
The penetrating power of radiation has also been put to use in the fight against terrorism. The Homeland Security industry has designed scanners that use gamma radiation to detect objects in cargo containers or airline baggage.
The radioactive sources are very strong and require tungsten shielding to protect security staff and members of the public from the radiation. A tungsten collimator is also required to direct the gamma radiation onto its target.
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